Diabetes is a common chronic condition that affects millions of people in Brazil and around the world. Inadequate blood glucose control can affect several systems in the body, including oral health. The good news is that early signs can be observed in the mouth and can help in the early diagnosis of the disease. Learn about the most common symptoms of diabetes that manifest in the oral cavity.
How does diabetes affect oral health?
Diabetes can cause a range of oral health complications, from simple problems like dry mouth to more serious conditions like tooth loss. This is because high blood glucose levels affect saliva production and encourage the growth of bacteria, which results in oral infections and diseases.
1. Dry mouth (Xerostomia)
Dry mouth is one of the first signs of diabetes. Hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) reduces saliva production, which can cause discomfort and increase the risk of cavities and oral infections.
2. Red, tender gums
Red, swollen, and painful gums are common in people with uncontrolled diabetes. High blood sugar levels make it easier for bacteria to grow in the mouth, leading to inflammation of the gums, which can even bleed when brushing.
3. Tooth loss
Poorly controlled diabetes can increase the risk of serious periodontal diseases, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, which compromise the health of the teeth and gums and can even lead to tooth loss.
4. Increased sugar in saliva
When glucose levels are high, the amount of sugar in saliva also increases. This environment favors the proliferation of bacteria and increases the likelihood of oral infections, such as cavities.
5. Slow healing
The body’s ability to heal wounds and injuries is impaired by diabetes. This can cause difficulties in recovery after dental procedures or mouth injuries.
6. Frequent mouth ulcers
Canker sores are more common in diabetic patients, especially when the disease is uncontrolled. These small ulcers can cause discomfort and make eating difficult.
7. Bitter mouth
The sensation of a bitter taste in the mouth, called dysgeusia, can be caused by diabetes. This symptom is often associated with an imbalance in blood glucose levels, which affects the sensory cells of taste.
8. Bad Breath (Ketone Breath)
One of the most characteristic signs of uncontrolled diabetes is ketone breath, a sweet or rotten fruit smell. This occurs when the body begins to use fat for energy due to a lack of insulin, which results in the production of ketones, substances that can affect breath.
How to prevent oral complications?
Keeping glucose levels under control and adopting a proper oral hygiene routine are the best ways to prevent oral complications caused by diabetes. Regular dental visits are also essential for early diagnosis of oral problems, allowing for more effective treatment.
Recommendations for Oral Health in Diabetics:
- Brush your teeth after every meal;
- Float daily;
- Avoid foods high in sugar;
- Visit the dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings;
- Control blood glucose levels strictly.
Constantly monitoring glucose levels and adopting healthy habits are essential for general well-being and for preventing long-term complications.
Common Symptoms of Uncontrolled Diabetes
In addition to oral signs, there are other symptoms that may indicate that glucose levels are high, such as:
- Increased thirst and the need to urinate;
- Constant fatigue and excessive tiredness;
- Unexplained weight loss;
- Wounds that take a long time to heal;
- Recurrent infections.
If you notice any of these signs, it is essential to seek medical attention to assess the situation and take the necessary measures.
SUPPORT MATERIAL FOR FIGHTING DIABETES
